{"id":4819,"date":"2023-09-27T18:37:31","date_gmt":"2023-09-27T16:37:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/2024.electionseuropeennes.eu\/histoire\/"},"modified":"2023-11-17T11:35:26","modified_gmt":"2023-11-17T10:35:26","slug":"history","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.electionseuropeennes.eu\/en\/history\/","title":{"rendered":"History"},"content":{"rendered":"

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History<\/a><\/p>\n

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The History of the European Parliament<\/h1>\n

When the European integration first began the \u201cEuropean Parliament\u201d was designed to be a\u00a0consultative assembly<\/strong>, called the\u00a0Common Assembly of the European Community of Steel and Coal<\/strong>\u00a0(ECSC). It comprised national parliamentarians.<\/p>\n

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1957 Rome Treaty<\/h2>\n
The ECSC Common Assembly became the European Parliamentary Assembly with the\u00a0Rome Treaty (1957)<\/a>. In 1962, the Assembly renamed itself \u201cParliament<\/strong>\u201c.<\/div>\n

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1958 \u2013 1960 Robert Schuman becomes President of the European Assembly<\/h2>\n
Robert Schuman<\/strong>\u00a0held the position of president of the European Assembly from 1958 to 1960.<\/div>\n

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1974 The Paris Summit<\/h2>\n
The\u00a0political<\/strong>\u00a0history of the European Parliament started in\u00a01974, during the Paris Summit<\/strong>: on the initiative of French President Val\u00e9ry Giscard d\u2019Estaing and German Chancellor Helmut Schmidt, it was decided to elect the European Parliament by direct universal suffrage, which was confirmed by an act adopted by the Council in 1976. The European Parliament then became a\u00a0true Parliament, provided with real power<\/strong>.<\/div>\n

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1979 First election of the MEPs by direct universal suffrage<\/h2>\n
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June 1979<\/strong>\u00a0: for the first time citizens from the nine member countries elected their MEPs by direct universal suffrage.<\/p>\n

Since 1979<\/strong>, the Parliament has benefited from democratic legitimacy on which it relies to increase its powers.<\/p>\n

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1986 The Single Act<\/h2>\n
The Single Act (1986)<\/a>\u00a0: introduces the \u201ccollaboration procedure\u201d between the European Parliament and the Council in the legislative process.<\/div>\n

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1992 Maastricht Treaty<\/h2>\n
The European Union Treaty (Maastricht Treaty<\/strong><\/a>, 1992) achieves a major qualitative step forward by introducing the\u00a0codecision procedure<\/a>\u00a0which transforms the European Parliament into a true legislator on an equal footing with the Council in a certain number of limited areas: for example, the internal market, free movement, education.<\/div>\n

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1997 Amsterdam Treaty \u2013 2000 Nice Treaty<\/h2>\n
The Amsterdam<\/a>\u00a0(1997) and\u00a0Nice Treaties<\/a>\u00a0(2000) lead to a significant increase in the number of areas to which the\u00a0codecision proc\u00e9dure<\/a> is applied: the European Parliament decides on an equal footing with the Council in 35 areas (health policy, the fight against fraud, vocational training, certain aspects of the environment policy etc .).<\/div>\n

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2009 The Lisbon Treaty<\/h2>\n
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With the\u00a0Lisbon Treaty\u00a0<\/a>(2009), the European Parliament now enjoys budgetary, legislative powers and a significant amount of control.<\/p>\n

\u2022 the new treaty extends the\u00a0co-decision procedure\u00a0<\/a>to 40 new paragraphs and notably to areas as sensitive as the common agricultural policy and policies relative to border control, asylum and immigration.
\n\u2022 With regard to the budget the European Parliament now has\u00a0the same right to decision\u00a0<\/strong>as the Council of Ministers and votes on all of the Union\u2019s spending.
\n\u2022 Finally the election of the President of the Commission by Parliament on the proposal of the European Council should take on board the majority that won together with the results of the European elections. The legal framework outlined in the Lisbon Treaty will be a key element in the consolidation of the role played by MEPs.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

During the European elections of 2014 the political parties took the initiative of presenting \u00ab Spitzenkandidaten \u00bb, i.e ; each party could put forward a \u00ab leading \u00bb candidate who would then be the candidate for the position of President of the Commission. The party that wins the most votes would then have its candidate elected to this post. This is initiative that supports parliamentarianism is justified by article 17 \u00a7 7 of the Treaty on European Union whereby the election of the President of the Commission has to be undertaken by \u201ctaking into consideration the elections of the European Parliament\u201d. In 2014 the European Council suggested that the Parliament elect Jean-Claude Juncker, who was the candidate of the European People\u2019s Party (EPP) which was the winning movement.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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For the 2019 elections, the leaders agreed that the European Council could not guarantee the automatic nature of this procedure in advance. The European People’s Party came out ahead in the election, followed by the Party of European Socialists. However, neither of the two Spitzenkandidaten from these parties – Manfred Weber for the EPP and Frans Timmermans for the PES – obtained a majority in the European Council in their favour. After three days of negotiations between leaders, Ursula Von der Leyen, from the EPP, was proposed as President of the Commission by the European Council and elected by the Parliament.<\/span><\/p>\n

On 31 January 2020, the United Kingdom’s decision to leave the European Union came into force, which altered the internal balance of the European Parliament. The number of MEPs fell from 751 to 705 after 73 UK members left and 27 seats were redistributed among the Member States.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Who was Robert Schuman?<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n
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On 9th May 1950, whilst he was Foreign Minister he delivered the famous Schuman Declaration in the Salon de l\u2019Horloge at the Quai d\u2019Orsay; with this speech he defined the means for community integration:\u00a0Europe will not be made all at once, or according to a single plan. It will be built through concrete achievements which first create a de facto solidarity<\/i>. This method then served as inspiration for European integration and from then on Robert Schuman was considered the Father of Europe.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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-> Website of the Robert Schuman Foundation<\/a><\/div>\n
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Source: Data assembled and put together by the Robert Schuman Foundation, \u00a9 FRS
\nPhotos : Credit \u00a9 European Communities, 2014<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n